Kendrapara Superintendent of Police Satish Kumar Gajaviye said the injured person, Niranjan Mandal, was a crew member of a trawl which had intruded into prohibited seawaters.
He has been shifted to SCB Medical College and Hospital at Cuttack for treatment, the SP said.
The incident had occurred at about 9 PM last night in Gahirmatha coast when a Coast Guard ship on coastal security exercise spotted about 12 sea-worthy vessels, he said.
Later the Coast Guard opened fire, resulting in the injury of the fisherman, the SP said quoting CG personnel.
While eight fishermen have been arrested for carrying out illegal fishing voyage in prohibited Gahirmatha marine sanctuary, the police were conducting separate investigation into the shootout incident, Gajaviye added.
The fishermen intruded into prohibited breeding zones of endangered olive ridley sea turtles and were arrested under legal provisions.