School students who visit Facebook or chat sites every day are more likely to fall behind in maths, reading and science, the study found.
Alberto Posso, a professor at RMIT University in Australia tested more than 12,000 15-year-olds in maths, reading and science, as well as collected data on the students' online activities.
According to Posso, video games could help students to apply and sharpen skills learned at school.
"When you play online games you are solving puzzles to move to the next level and that involves using some of the general knowledge and skills in maths, reading and science that you have been taught during the day," he added.
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Teachers should consider incorporating popular video games into teaching - so long as they are not violent ones, Posso said.
The study also found that teenagers who used Facebook or chat every day scored 20 points worse in maths than students who never used social media.
Teachers should blend the use of Facebook into their classes as a way of helping those students engage, he said.
The findings were published in the International Journal of Communication.