"Mohammed Abu Hashash, 17, died after he was shot in the chest during clashes with (Israeli forces) in the Fawwar camp," a statement from the Palestinian health ministry said.
At least 25 Palestinians were wounded in the clashes, Red Crescent medics said earlier.
The violence erupted when a large convoy of Israeli military vehicles entered the camp, near the flashpoint city of Hebron, witnesses said.
The Israeli military did not confirm or deny casualties during the operation, which a spokeswoman said aimed to "uncover weaponry" in the camp.
A wave of violence since October has killed 220 Palestinians, 34 Israelis, two Americans, an Eritrean and a Sudanese, according to an AFP tally.
Most of the Palestinians killed were carrying out knife, gun or car-ramming attacks, Israeli authorities say.
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