Police said they didn't suspect terrorism.
Police found the car with bullet impacts not far from the Place de la Concorde where police opened fire, according to a police official and a ranking official close to the investigation.
They asked not to be identified by name because the investigation was ongoing.
The car carried two men and two women, one of whom was injured on her upper body, the ranking official said, citing a witness at a hotel where the group sought a glass of water for her.
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Tour de France officials said the race wouldn't be affected by the incident.
Paris has been on edge since double attacks in January by Islamic extremists on the French satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo and a Kosher grocery left 20 people dead, including the three attackers.
Thousands of police and soldiers were deployed on the streets after the attack to protect sensitive sites and tourist attractions.
Police had opened fire at the Place de la Concorde, where the cyclists make their final triumphant rounds to conclude the race.
Police believe the car's occupants had left one of the nightclubs in the ritzy neighborhood, were intoxicated, or had taken illegal substances, and didn't want to submit to a police check, officials have said.
"The scenario is becoming clearer. The party ended badly," the ranking official said.
Both officials cautioned that prudence was necessary as long as the car's occupants were not found.
The ranking official said the car was first spotted on a street that feeds into the nearby Champs-Elysees, the famed avenue where thousands gather to watch the final laps of Tour de France, and where crowd control barriers were being put in place.