The CPI(M) has given a state-wide protest call against the attack.
Shiv Sena leader and Union Minister Anant Geete condemned the attack on Pansare and said it was a "challenge" for the state government.
Pansare, who led a campaign against road toll tax, and his wife today suffered serious injuries after they were shot at by some unknown assailants in front of their house in Kolhapur.
NCP Chief Sharad Pawar termed as "shocking" the attack on Pansare and appealed to Maharashtra Government to "use their own forces" for an in-depth investigation.
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"I condemn this attack.... Those who are responsible... they should be taught a lesson," the former Maharashtra Chief Minister said.
"I know him for last 40-45 years. He is a committed person. He is the person who always fought for his cause. And he never compromised on his principles," Pawar said.
Condemning the incident, CPI (M) Politburo member Sitaram Yechury said such incidents are "becoming a sort of a routine matter" in Maharashtra.
"Yes, he was leading an agitation of Left parties against toll taxes...That has been a very popular and a very big agitation and surely there are vested interests who would lose because of this. They may be targeting.
"Also he has written a very popular book on projection of Shivaji and what actually the history was and how these are being used by all these Hindu communal outfits mainly Shiv Sena and the BJP. So that could also be one of the reasons," Yechury said.
The assailants fired at Pansare and his wife this morning outside the Ideal Housing Society here when the couple was returning after their daily morning walk from Shivaji University.
While Pansare was hit by bullets on the nape of his neck, his wife Sau Uma Pansare suffered a single bullet injury, Kolhapur Superintendent of Police, Omprakash Sharma said.