The Tu-154 jet, whose passengers included more than 60 members of the internationally-renowned Red Army Choir, was heading to Russia's military base in Syria when it went down off the coast of the resort city of Sochi shortly after take-off yesterday.
Investigators have yet to confirm the cause of the crash, but officials said that an act of terror was not being considered as a possible explanation, despite the plane and its black boxes still being underwater.
"The debris is at the depth of 27 metres one mile from shore," spokeswoman Rimma Chernova told AFP.
The Russian military added that divers had retrieved "two elements of the plane's control mechanism."
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Authorities have said that the search operation would continue overnight.
Russia's federal security service said it is looking into four suspected causes of the crash, which do not include terrorism.
"No signs or facts pointing to a possible act of terror have been received at this time," Russia's Federal Security Service said in a statement carried by national news agencies.
The military has cordoned off part of the Sochi shore, with soldiers standing in a chain and motor boats participating in the search regularly unloading at the pier, an AFP photographer reported.
More than three thousand people are racing to find the remaining bodies and debris in a massive operation that includes 45 vessels, planes, helicopters and drones, along with divers and remotely-operated deepwater machines.
Transport Minister Maxim Sokolov said some of the bodies could have already been carried off by the "strong current" to Abkhazia, the separatist region of Georgia, and some of its own rescue workers have joined the search operation.
He said searchers have finished looking over the on-land territory around the crash site while divers are working over an area with a radius of 500 metres.
The Tu-154 jet went down on Sunday morning minutes after taking off at 5:25 am from Sochi's airport, where it had stopped to refuel after flying out from the Chkalovsky military aerodrome in the Moscow region.
Onboard were 64 members of the Alexandrov Ensemble -- the army's official musical group, also known as the Red Army Choir -- and their conductor Valery Khalilov.