Patkar, the leader of the Narmada Bachao Andolan, and her associates had been on a hunger strike at Chikhalda village of Madhya Pradesh's Dhar district since July 27.
"Patkar and other protesters were removed by the police from the spot as their condition deteriorated," Indore Divisional Commissioner Sanjay Dube told PTI.
Patkar has been taken to a private hospital in Indore.
The protesters, including Patkar, were taken in different ambulances and admitted to different hospitals, he said.
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"Doctors advised immediate medical attention for @medhanarmada ji & her colleagues due to high ketone & sugar posing threat to their lives (sic)," chief minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan posted on Twitter.
Moving them to the hospital was required to ensure their well-being and long life. The authorities had to take this decision in the best interest of the protestors, he said.
"As a Pratham Sevak of the state, it is my commitment to looking after the wellbeing of people of MP, particularly of displaced families," Chouhan said, in a series of tweets.
However, Himshi Singh, an activist, claimed, "Of the 12 agitators, six, including Patkar, were taken from the protest site, while remaining six were not removed."
According to Singh, Patkar, before police took her away, said in a recorded message that the MP government had replied to her agitation by arresting all of them.
"It was a murder of Mahatma Gandhi's dreams by those who don't have faith in Babasaheb Ambedkar's constitution," Singh quoted Patkar as saying.
"The country has to decide that in future no development will take place by displacing people," Patkar said in the message.
Singh claimed that police baton-charged the protesters and dismantled the tent where Patkar was on fast.
Additional Director General of Police, Indore, Ajay Sharma said that no force was used by the policemen while taking the protestors to hospitals.
Divisional Commissioner Dube said some official vehicles were also damaged as some of the protesters turned violent, adding the situation at the protest site was under control.
Congress leader Ajay Singh condemned the "lathi-charge on protesters".
Thousands of families along the Narmada river in MP's Barwani, Dhar, Alirajpur and Khargone districts are at risk of getting displaced with the closing of gates of Sardar Sarovar Dam in neighbouring Gujarat and the resultant rise in water level in its catchment area.
The Centre recently gave the nod for closing the gates.
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