"President Xi's government works to control and eliminate the Tibetan culture and religion, including through the gross mistreatment of nuns and monks and even the demolition of the Larung Gar monastery," Nancy Pelosi said in a letter to Trump.
Her letter, dated April 5, was released to media today, ahead of the scheduled meeting between Trump and Xi.
Pelosi said Tibetan spiritual leader the Dalai Lama is revered across the world and that has led the Chinese government to fear him and imprison those who express respect for him. "The violations of human rights in China and Tibet challenge the conscience of the world."
China sees the 81-year-old Buddhist leader as a dangerous separatist and is averse to his meetings with world leaders.
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Pelosi said if the US fails to speak up for human rights in China because of commercial interests, "we lose all moral authority to speak out for human rights anyplace in the world."
The Democratic leader said she was writing "respectfully to request" Trump that he raise China's "severe repression" during his meeting with President Xi, who is visiting the US.
Pelosi's letter comes after the Trump administration said it will raise human rights issues with the countries concerned privately as it is "the most effective way" to deal with those issues.
The statement was this administration's starkest departure from the position Barack Obama's government held on human rights. Obama's administration had on several occasions made human rights the most potent vehicle of America's public diplomacy and even publicly mentioned a country to name and shame it.