Carter has called Iraq's prime minister, Haider al-Abadi, to express condolences.
Carter spoke to reporters during a visit today to the USS Kearsarge in the Persian Gulf.
The US military says an airstrike yesterday against Islamic State targets may have resulted in the death of Iraqi soldiers near the city of Fallujah.
The military didn't say how many may have been killed. Other officials said the Iraqis initially reported that about 10 may have died.