The conservative Kuczynski has economics degrees from Oxford and Princeton and worked for decades on Wall Street and at the World Bank. His Cabinet reflects his preference for brains and the boardroom: It's full of PhDs from foreign universities and former captains of Peruvian industry.
"I can't remember in the country's history such a pro-business Cabinet," said Francisco Durand, who teaches political science at Lima's Catholic University.
It doesn't help that Peruvians call him the "gringo," a reference to the US passport and accent he acquired while living abroad.
At 77, Kuczynski will be Peru's oldest president. He was elected in a June runoff by the thinnest of margins, just 41,000 votes over Keiko Fujimori, the daughter of jailed former President Alberto Fujimori.
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His fledgling party secured just 18 of the 130 seats in congress while the populist Fujimori has a solid majority of 73 lawmakers. Even Peru's left, which had been in the political wilderness for decades, has a larger bloc in congress.
Despite the many challenges, there is not likely to be much policy gridlock initially, said Maria Luia Puig, a Peruvian-born analyst for the Eurasia Group.
Although Kuczynski antagonized Fujimori during the campaign by telling voters she would usher in a "narco state" if elected, he has been conciliatory since and most members of what he calls his "deluxe" Cabinet aren't seen as having political axes to grind.
Kuczynski and Fujimori also broadly share a conservative agenda, though with starkly different bases of support: The new president's coming from the foreign-educated elite of Lima, Fujimori's from the countryside where her father is still lionized for taming hyperinflation and a Maoist insurgency during his decade-long rule in the 1990s.
"He knows very well that he needs her support in order to govern," Puig said.