People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) said they were pleased to see that opposition to the "pink revolution" featured significantly in Modi's election campaign and admired his focus on protecting cows.
They said cutting down meat consumption will save animal lives, reduce heart ailments and certain types of cancer, besides helping avoid the effects of climate change.
PETA India CEO Poorva Joshipura said in her letter to the Prime Minister that the Chinese government plans to reduce its citizens' meat consumption by 50 per cent.
"We are writing to urge you to take a cue from our neighboring country by promoting vegan eating among the Indian public as a government initiative and to set a significant goal, as China has, for cutting the consumption of animal-derived foods in India," she said.
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She said cutting consumption of greenhouse gas-intensive meat and dairy foods is a crucial step towards ensuring a better future for coming generations.
PETA said India's economy is predicted to be among the most heavily impacted by climate change by 2025 and the annual cost of environmental degradation already amounts to 5.7 per cent of the GDP.
Numerous studies have shown a strong correlation between animal-derived foods and climate change, with meat-eaters responsible for almost 2.5 times diet-related greenhouse-gas emissions per day compared to vegans, it said.