The transplant programme was conducted in partnership with researchers from University of Sydney, Australia.
The three operations were conducted between July 2013 and February 2016 at the Third Xiangya Hospital affiliated to Central South University in Hunan Province.
One patient's use of insulin has been reduced by 80.5 per cent, while for the other two it was reduced by 57 per cent and 56 per cent, said Wang Wei, a professor with the hospital.
The research is expected to help solve the shortage of organs for transplants, state-run Xinhua news agency reported.
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Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires continuing medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications.
Type 1 diabetes usually diagnosed in children and young adults, and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. Only 5 per cent of people have this form of the disease.
In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. It breaks down the sugars and starches into a simple sugar called glucose, which it uses for energy.