"Looking forward to visiting China from May 14-16 to boost friendship between our 2 ancient civilizations & 2 largest developing nations," he tweeted in English and Chinese.
In China, he said, he will visit Xi'an, the native place of President Xi Jinping, besides Beijing and Shanghai.
"I eagerly await productive discussions with President Xi Jinping & Premier Li Keqiang. I am confident my visit will lay the foundation for further enhancing economic co-operation with China in a wide range of sectors," Modi said in further tweets.
He said he was also looking forward to meeting the captains of industry in Shanghai and sharing with them the wonderful opportunities India has to offer.
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Besides China, Modi will also be travelling to Mongolia.
"Glad to visit Mongolia on 17th May to commemorate 60th year of our diplomatic relations and the silver jubilee of Mongolia's democracy," he said.
Describing Mongolia as "our spiritual friend", Modi said democracy and Buddhism bind the two countries.
"Looking forward to more trade and investment ties with Mongolia," he added.