Addressing the Indian diaspora here in Myanmar, he said his government could take such decisions because it considers the country above politics.
Along with demonetisation announced on November 8 last year, he named the surgical strikes in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir last year and the GST which was rolled out on July 1 as the "big" and "tough" decisions taken by his government.
"In the national interest, we are not afraid of taking big and tough decisions because for us, the country is above politics. Whether it be the surgical strikes, demonetisation or GST, all decisions were taken without any fear or hesitation," Modi told the gathering.
He also said that registration of over two lakh companies had been cancelled in last three months as those had been found to be indulging in laundering of black money.
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"To deal with corruption, we banned currency notes of Rs 500 and Rs 1000 denomination. A handful of corrupt people were making 125 crore people pay for their misdeeds. This was not acceptable to us," Modi said in 35-minute address.
His justification of demonetisation came against the backdrop of criticism of the decision by the Opposition.
The Congress has dubbed the noteban as a "disaster" and said it had "utterly failed" while the "corrupt made windfall gains".
The prime minister also talked about GST, saying an "atmosphere of doing business with honesty" had been created in the country within a span of two months after its launch.
Modi said over the last three years, his government had initiated massive changes and rules were being eased to unshackle the potential of the country.
"We are not merely reforming India but transforming India. We are not changing India, but we are building a new India," he said, adding 2022 was the target year to achieve this as it coincides with the 75th anniversary of the country's independence.
In the context of building a new India, he talked about the pledge to rid the country of problems like terrorism, communalism and corruption.
The prime minister also said that India believes in sharing the benefits of its development with its neighbours and also help them in the times of need.
Talking about helping the neighbours, he said India was the "first responder" in the times of need and in this context, mentioned earthquake in Nepal, water crisis in Maldives and cyclone in Myanmar. "We fulfilled the responsibility of a good neighbour," he said.
He also mentioned the evacuation undertaken by India in West Asian nations, including those of other countries, and said, "while doing so, we do not check the colour of their passports".
He told the gathering that the Indian government had already taken decisions to merge Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) cards and do away with police reporting for those having long-term visas among various measures for their benefit.
He also showered praise on External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj, saying she was always there, ready to help any Indian in trouble anywhere in the world.
The prime minister, who is on his first bilateral visit here, talked about the historical importance of Myanmar in the context of India's freedom struggle.
Naming Subhash Chandra Bose, Mahatma Gandhi, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Rabindranath Tagore and Bahadur Shah Zafar, he said Myanmar had become the "second home" for those who had to leave their own homes during the freedom struggle.
He said a road between Imphal and Moreh, the border point with Myanmar, is being upgraded at a cost of Rs 1600 crore, as part of enabling greater trade and travel between the two countries.