The focus of the talks was to further deepen bilateral cooperation between India and the Palestine.
"A relationship marked by solidarity & friendship. PM @narendramodi meets President Mahmoud Abbas at Hyderabad House in New Delhi," External Affairs Ministry Spokesperson Gopal Baglay tweeted.
Earlier, External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj called on Abbas and reiterated India's support to the Palestinian cause.
In the morning, Abbas was warmly welcomed by President Pranab Mukherjee and Prime Minister Modi at Rashtrapati Bhawan. He was also given a ceremonial guard of honour there.
Ahead of Abbas' visit, India reiterated its "political support" to the Palestinian cause and had said that it continued to assist developmental projects there.
The Palestinian president arrived here on Sunday on a four-day visit.