A bench comprising Chief Justice Dipak Misra and Justices A M Khanwilkar and D Y Chandrachud said it was at present not "saying anything on the matter" and listed the PIL filed by lawyer Vineet Dhanda for further hearing on March 16.
Attorney General K K Venugopal, appearing for the Centre, said he was opposing the PIL on various grounds, including that an inquiry had started after the FIR was registered.
The plea has asked for a special investigation team (SIT) to probe the banking fraud, allegedly involving billionaire jewellers Nirav Modi and Mehul Choksi.
It has also asked for a probe into the role of the top management of the Punjab National Bank (PNB).
The CBI has already registered two FIRs -- one on January 31 and another a few days ago -- against billionaire diamond merchant Nirav Modi, his relative Mehul Choksi of Gitanjali Gems and others for allegedly defrauding the PNB of about Rs 11,400 crore.