The White House and the FBI said 29-year-old Omar Mateen, an American-born Muslim, appears to be a "homegrown extremist" who had touted support not just for the Islamic State, but other radical groups that are its enemies.
"So far, we see no indication that this was a plot directed from outside the United States, and we see no indication that he was part of any kind of network," FBI Director James Comey said yesterday.
Despite Mateen's pledge of support to the Islamic State, other possible explanations emerged. His ex-wife said he suffered from mental illness. His Afghan-immigrant father suggested he may have acted out of anti-gay hatred, and said his son got angry recently about seeing two men kiss.
But questions also emerged over whether Mateen was conflicted about his own sexuality.
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Jim Van Horn, 71, said Mateen was a "regular" at the popular Pulse nightclub where he'd later take hostages and leave 49 dead.
"He was trying to pick up people. Men," Van Horn told The Associated Press late Monday outside the Parliament House, another gay club.
Van Horn acknowledged that he didn't know Mateen well, but said he suspects that the massacre was less about Islamic extremism and more about a man conflicted about his sexuality. "I think it's possible that he was trying to deal with his inner demons, of trying to get rid of his anger of homosexuality," said Van Horn, who lost three friends in the shooting. "It's really confusing to me.
The Orlando Sentinel and other news organizations quoted other regulars from Pulse who said they had seen Mateen there a number of times.
Last night, just about a mile from Pulse in downtown
Orlando, thousands gathered for a vigil to support the victims and survivors. The names of the dead were read aloud.
It was held on the lawn of Orlando's main performing arts venue, where mourners created a makeshift memorial of flowers, candles and notes for the victims.
"It was a place that a young 20-year-old who wasn't openly gay felt safe for the first time," said Cathleen Daus, now 36, who worked at Pulse in her 20s. "Pulse gave me confidence, made me realize I was normal and so much like everyone else."
Some, including Jason Primar, who lost two friends in the massacre, released balloons that flew high above the downtown skyscrapers.
Primar went to Pulse at 2 am Sunday, hoping for a good time with friends. Instead, he was greeted with gunshots and worries about those inside.
Comey said the FBI also was trying to determine whether Mateen had recently scouted Disney World as a potential target, as reported by People.Com, which cited an unidentified federal law enforcement source.
"We're still working through that," Comey said.
He defended the bureau's handling of Mateen during two previous investigations into apparent terrorist sympathies. As for whether there was anything the FBI should have done differently, "so far, the honest answer is, I don't think so," Comey said.
At the White House, President Barack Obama said there is no clear evidence so far that Mateen was directed by the group, calling the attack an apparent example of "homegrown extremism." Obama will traveling to Orlando on Thursday to pay respect to the victims and stand in solidarity with the community, according to the White House.
"We knew there would be an imminent loss of life," Mina said. As it turned out, Mateen had no explosives with him. The tragedy hit the city's gay and Hispanic communities especially hard. Sunday was Latino Night at the club.
"As the names come out, they are overwhelmingly Latino and Hispanic names," said Christina Hernandez, a Hispanic activist. "These were not just victims of the LBGT community, but of the Hispanic community, as well. This was senseless bloodshed."
Mateen's grasp of the differences between Islamic extremist groups appeared shaky.
During three calls with 911 dispatchers, Mateen not only professed allegiance to the Islamic State but also expressed solidarity with a suicide bomber from the Syrian rebel group Nusra Front, and a few years ago he claimed connections to Hezbollah, too both ISIS enemies, according to Comey.