The violent storm was moving north-northeast off the Tsushima islets chain near Japan's southern Kyushu, packing gusts of up to 180 kilometres (110 miles) per hour, Japan's weather agency said.
The Japan Meteorological Agency issued warnings for gusts, heavy rains, high ocean waves and floods, covering a large swathe of western Japan.
The storm is set to hit Japan's main island of Honshu Wednesday evening before moving out into the Pacific on Thursday, the agency reported.
South Korea's weather agency had issued typhoon alerts for Jeju as well as the mainland port of Busan -- the country's second-largest city.
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Dozens of flights in and out of Jeju -- a popular destination for Chinese tourists -- were cancelled as Chaba barrelled over the island packing gusts of up to 200 kilometres an hour.
More than 25,000 houses on the island had their power supply disrupted, the Yonhap news agency reported, while Busan city announced the closure of 900 schools.
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