The campaign, aimed at highlighting the Narendra Modi government's flagship cleanliness initiative 'Swachh Bharat Mission', was launched from Ishwari Ganj village near here.
The president also made people take a pledge to keep their surroundings clean.
"Today we are fighting a different battle - battle against uncleanliness," he said.
Kovind said every person in the society was "rashtra nirmata" and invited NCC cadet Manish Dwivedi, who belongs to Kanpur, to the Rashtrapati Bhavan to meet him.
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Kovind also had a word of praise for those women who refused to marry into homes without any toilets. He also appreciated actors Amitabh Bachchan and Akshay Kumar for their support to the cause.
"Even if you do not have 'devghar' (place of worship), you must have toilets," he said.
Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath thanked the president for launching the campaign in his home state.
"The UP government has been associated with the Swacch Bharat Abhiyan and has constructed 10 lakh toilets so far. The target is to construct 78 lakh toilets by December 31, 2017 and make the state open defecation free (ODF) by October, 2018. I have written a letter to all the village heads for their support in this regard," he said.
"We have made an anti-land mafia task force and the land freed from thus will be utilised for construction of houses for poor," he said.
Speaking on the occasion, Union Drinking Water Sanitation Minister Uma Bharti noted the the main idea behind the campaign was to fulfil Mahatma Gandhi's dream of clean India and meet the prime minister's target of making the entire country open defecation free by 2019.
The sanitation initiative, which is being coordinated by the ministry of drinking water and sanitation, will include 'Shramdaan' or voluntary work.
The nation-wide campaign will see mobilisation of people from all walks of life, including the prime minister, Union ministers, CMs, MPs and NGOs to undertake 'Shramdaan' for cleanliness and construction of toilets and make their surroundings free from open defecation.
It will target cleaning of public and tourist places too.
The ministry has made elaborate plans along with the state governments to reach out to poor and marginalised and provide them with sustainable sanitation services.
September 17 has been reserved for the voluntary work and cleanliness and construction of toilets.
Vice President Venkaiah Naidu is scheduled to visit a village in Karnataka on September 17 and offer Shramdaan for toilet construction and general cleanliness.
On September 24, citizens at panchayat and municipal levels will take up voluntary work. On September 25, cleaning of public places, bus stands, hospitals will be done.
A special cleanliness drive is planned for 15 identified places on October 1.
The Doordarshan will also hold a world premiere of the film 'Toilet: Ek Prem Katha' on September 17, birth date of Modi.
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