"Unfortunately AB de Villiers has failed to come through his fitness test this morning," Proteas team doctor Mohamed Moosajee said today.
"Although the physiotherapist strapped his elbow while he was batting and he did feel some relief with some of his shots, the elbow pain hasn't resolved completely.
"We have tried the conservative management of rest, physio, rehab and cortisone infiltration into the elbow, but that has not yielded the results that we would have liked.
"When the elbow was strapped, there was some relief. I think he probably felt 80 per cent better than without strapping, but we thought that the best decision for now would be to get surgical management and give him adequate time to recover so it doesn't hamper his career going forward."
Moosajee said although the selectors would decide on a replacement captain, he believed they might want Faf du Plessis, who captained the side against New Zealand and is set to do the same against Australia, to continue.