QantasLink QF2260, was travelling from Sydney to Lord Howe Island, when it was forced to return to Sydney "due to a technical issue with the air-conditioning system", a spokeswoman for the airline told a local newspaper.
The plane landed at 1.47 PM local time and ambulance crews assessed about 50 passengers for dehydration.
A New South Wales Ambulance spokesman said two female passengers were treated at the scene for dehydration and transferred to hospital, both in a stable condition, Sydney Morning Herald reported.
Reports said that the cabin temperature climbed to almost 40 degrees Celsius onboard the Dash-8 aircraft.
QantasLink operates flights to more than 50 city and regional destinations across Australia and Papua New Guinea.