Qatar has been widely condemned for its treatment of almost two million foreign workers.
Critics have estimated that several thousand workers could die in the run-up to the World Cup because of labour conditions in Qatar on direct or indirect tournament projects.
That is denied by Qatar and in response, the Workers' Welfare Progress report said two men died last year of heart attacks but not while working and there were no work-related fatalities.
In October, a 52-year-old Indian painter at the Khalifa International Stadium "suffered a cardiac arrest during lunch at one of the site's dining halls" and died at hospital, said the 46-page report.
Also Read
The issue of heart attacks among labourers has previously proved contentious.
In 2014, the Amnesty International human rights watchdog called for more detail on deaths among migrant workers, urging the authorities more "transparent information".
Those injured between April and December last year included a worker who had the tip of his finger severed after it got caught between two beams.
Another worker was left with a broken wrist and a "facial injury", according to the report which indicates that the others hurt on the job suffered fractures.
During that time, it said, almost 4,000 labourers completed around nine million man-hours.
Last year, the general secretary of the committee, Hassan al-Thawadi, said a total of 14 million man hours had been worked on World Cup projects without a single fatality.
"Ensuring the health, safety, security and dignity of every individual working on delivering the 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatar is of the utmost importance for the Supreme Committee," said Thawadi in the foreword of the report.
The report also concedes there are "challenges" ahead, including on the ethical recruitment of labourers.