He has been appointed for a term of three years, with effect from January 20.
"Acharya will join on January 20, 2017. As Deputy Governor, Acharya will look after the Monetary Policy and Research cluster," the RBI said in a release.
He will fill the post that fell vacant after Urjit Patel was made RBI Governor to succeed Rajan with effect from September 4. The existing three Deputy Governors of RBI are S S Mundra, N S Vishwanathan and R Gandhi.
Born in India on March 1, 1974, Acharya holds a PhD in Finance from the Stern School of Business, New York University.
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During 2008-2011, he held the position as the Academic Professor of Finance at the New York University Stern School of Business.
At present, he is also the Member of the Advisory Council of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Academy. Among others, he also is the Member of the Academic Council of National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM), Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
In research, his areas of interest included banking liquidity crises, corporate finance, asset pricing, international finance and general equilibrium.