A hugely entertaining and eventful contest at Villa Park saw Paul Lambert's team take an early lead through Christian Benteke and they looked well set when Chelsea's Ramires was sent off on the stroke of half-time.
Benteke though followed him down the tunnel after the restart, however, and it proved a major turning point as Lampard soon equalised before dramatically surpassing former Chelsea striker Bobby Tambling's long-standing club record in the 88th minute by making it 203 goals for the Blues.
The only negative for the visitors at Villa Park was the sight of John Terry being carried off on a stretcher,casting a doubt over the centre-half's availability for the Europa League final against Benfica in Amsterdam on Wednesday.
Defeat meant relegation-threatened Villa remained on 40 points and the Birmingham club will now anxiously await Wigan's midweek game with Arsenal.
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Chelsea's irritation boiled over just a minute later when Ramires collected his first caution for a cynical lunge on Benteke.
The 19th minute was marked with the traditional 60 seconds of applause for Villa captain Stiliyan Petrov, who announced his retirement this week as he continues his battle against leukaemia.