Whether information withheld by Russia until after the bombings could have made a difference was not addressed in the unclassified version of the report. Even if the FBI had received details from the Russian wiretaps involving one of the bombing suspects, it's not clear that the US government could have stopped him.
Three people died and more than 200 others were injured in two explosions during the Boston Marathon on April 15, 2013.
The Obama administration briefed Congress yesterday on the intelligence community inspectors general's review.
"We will always ask ourselves what more we could have done to prevent this or another tragedy. What we may never understand is why the Russians didn't share more with us to aid in the FBI's investigation," said Rep. CA Ruppersberger, the top Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee.
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Highlighting Russia's role in potential intelligence failures comes as relations between the two countries are the worst they've been since the Cold War, the deterioration coming over the past year.
Members of Congress have grown increasingly skeptical about the effectiveness of US-Russian cooperation on law enforcement or other matters.
In 2011, Russian authorities told the FBI they were worried that one of the suspected bombers, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, and his mother were religious extremists. The Russians were unresponsive when pressed by the FBI for more details.
It was only after the 2013 attack that the US intelligence community learned that the Russians withheld some details that might have led to a more thorough FBI investigation.
In another conversation, the mother was recorded talking to someone in southern Russia who is under FBI investigation in an unrelated case, officials have said.