The incident, which occurred past midnight, came to light this morning when locals went to the Ghatwasan Temple near the Gudhachandraji area, they said.
Unidentified criminals entered the temple premises last night when the priests Dhanraj Meena and Mangal Meena were there.
When the priests resisted, the robbers attacked them with iron rods.
While Dhanraj Meena died on the spot, Mangal fell unconscious and was admitted to hospital.
A donation box containing thousands of rupees and other valuables were stolen by the accused, police said.