Rouhani, a moderate elected last year on vows to pursue a diplomatic solution to the decade-long impasse over Iran's nuclear programme, also warned that Western nations should not have "delusions" about having a military option.
He spoke as hundreds of thousands of people took to the streets to mark the anniversary of the revolution that ousted the US-backed shah, with many railing against the United States, still commonly referred to as the "Great Satan."
But Tehran has laid out a series of "red lines" regarding the talks, and in a show of defiance on the eve of the anniversary announced it had successfully tested a long-range missile and a laser-guided projectile.
"Iran is committed to fair and constructive negotiations within the framework of international regulations; we hope to witness such a willingness in the other party in the upcoming talks," Rouhani said in a speech broadcast live on state television.
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Western nations have long suspected Iran of covertly pursuing nuclear weapons alongside its civilian programme, allegations denied by Tehran, which insists its nuclear activities are entirely peaceful.
Neither the United States nor Israel has ruled out military action to prevent Iran from developing a nuclear weapon, if diplomacy fails.
Rouhani delivered the speech in honour of the anniversary at central Tehran's Azadi Square, where huge crowds had gathered, many of them chanting against the United States.
"We are fine with enduring the hardships (of international sanctions) because it will lead to the preservation of our rights."
Iran made progress over the weekend with the UN nuclear watchdog by agreeing to divulge information that could shed light on allegations of possible past weapons research.