Rowhani, who is heading a high-ranking delegation, will address the UN assembly tomorrow in a speech that will be closely watched by the West looking for signs that he is ready to make good his pledges to engage the world constructively.
"The path of sanctions is an unacceptable and unrealistic path. Those who have opted for (sanctions) will not achieve their objectives," Rowhani told reporters at the airport, the ISNA news agency reported.
"Instead of this path, they should choose one that is based on interaction, negotiation and understanding," he said.
Rowhani said he would use the chance to correct the image of Iran that was portrayed to the world under his hardline predecessor Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, whose fiery speeches at the UN assembly included Holocaust denial and conspiracy theories about the 2001 terrorist attacks against the United States.
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In New York, Rowhani will team up with his top diplomat Mohammad Javad Zarif, who is expected to hold talks with his British and French counterparts, as well as with European Union foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton, who represents the major powers in nuclear negotiations with Iran.
Rowhani himself is scheduled to meet with French President Francois Hollande on the sidelines of the UN meet, which would mark the first high-ranking meeting between Iran's leadership and a Western head of state in almost a decade.
But Washington warned on Friday that while welcome, the overtures were not enough for it to consider loosening crippling sanctions on Iran's oil and banking sectors that Rowhani has said he wants eased.