Rudd, popularly elected to top office in a landslide 2007 election win, seized back the prime ministership on Wednesday in a snap leadership ballot which dislodged Julia Gillard, his former deputy.
Gillard deposed Rudd in a ruthless coup shortly before the 2010 elections after the party lost faith in his ability to win Labor a second term.
It was a fate revisited upon her this week, with a nervous Labor again switching leaders in a bid to boost its hopes ahead of national elections on September 14.
"I think we're doing OK but we've got a long, long way to go," said Rudd when asked about the numbers.
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Though his party still lags behind the Liberal-National opposition, Rudd outpolled Abbott as preferred prime minister 51.6 percent to 48.4 percent, compared with Gillard's 40.6 percent.
Those surveyed were divided on whether Labor had done the right thing by axing Gillard -- 44.1 per cent agreed, 42.4 per cent disagreed and 13.5 per cent were undecided.
Separate ReachTEL surveys in four key electorates in Sydney and Melbourne, published Saturday in Fairfax newspapers, gave Labor a 10 percentage point boost from Rudd's return. There were 650 voters polled in each seat.
"We now have a contest," said Fairfax journalist Tim Colebatch.
"It is a contest the (opposition) coalition is still likely to win. But now it will have to work for it."
The reinstalled prime minister hit the hustings Saturday, touring the Blue Mountains west of Sydney with Labor's candidate to meet voters.
Seeking to highlight his strengths Rudd, formerly foreign minister, put foreign policy at the centre of his election agenda in his first press conference yesterday, highlighting relations with Beijing and Jakarta.