The launch went ahead as planned just after 1800 IST from the Russia-owned Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, a live broadcast shown by Russia's Roscosmos space agency showed. It is expected to reach orbit at 0932 IST Monday.
The communications satellite Inmarsat-5 F2 is the second in a USD 1.6-billion fleet called Global Xpress designed to provide broadband communications on land, at sea and in the air.
The I-F F2 satellite will cover the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, according to Inmarsat.
In 2013, a rocket carrying cargo for the International Space Station exploded in mid-air right after takeoff.
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Today's launch -- the 402nd launch of a Proton rocket -- started smoothly, with the first, second and third stages of separation taking place on time as the 6.7-tonne satellite headed on its course.
Russia wants to eventually replace the Proton workhorse with the newer Angara rocket, which completed a successful maiden flight last year.