"We consider the threats against Russia made in a series of public statements by US Secretary of State John Kerry over the latest events in Ukraine and in Crimea to be unacceptable," the Russian foreign ministry said in a statement on its website.
Moscow accused Kerry of relying on "Cold War cliches", saying that he had not bothered to understand the complex processes taking place in Ukrainian society.
Kerry failed to "objectively assess the situation that is continuing to deteriorate after the forcible seizure of power in Kiev by radical extremists," the ministry said.
"The West's allies now are outright neo-Nazis who wreck Orthodox churches and synagogues," the ministry said.
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Kerry, who is set to visit Kiev tomorrow to meet the new leadership, bluntly warned Russia yesterday that it risked exclusion from the Group of Eight nations and faced possible sanctions for sending troops into Ukraine's southern Crimea region.
The other seven members issued a statement yesterday saying that their participation at a June summit in Sochi was now in doubt, also dealing a blow to Russia's national pride after its hosting of the Winter Olympic games.
Washington has condemned Russia's "clear" violation of Ukraine's sovereignty and Kerry said yesterday that the deployment of troops in Ukraine could have a "profound effect" on Russia's ties with the United States.