The nationwide elections on yesterday follow several years of tumult that have seen the country annex Crimea from Ukraine, lurch into its worst stand-off with the West since the Cold War, plunge into economic crisis and launch a military campaign in Syria.
But Putin's ratings remain high at around 80 per cent and, with the Kremlin in tight control of the media and public discourse, authorities appear to be banking on a trouble-free vote paving the way for him to cruise to a fourth term as president at polls in 2018.
Polling stations for the vote -- which also sees regional leaders elected in some areas -- opened in the most easternly region of Kamchatka at 2000 GMT yesterday and will close in Russia's European exclave Kaliningrad at 1800 GMT today.
For the first time residents on the Black Sea peninsula of Crimea are among the roughly 110 million voters eligible to cast their ballots for the 450-seat Duma, stirring fury from Ukraine.
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"Make your choice, vote for Russia."
Yesterday, he endorsed ruling party United Russia despite campaigning being banned on the day before the vote.
"I created United Russia as a party, so there is no commentary needed here," he said when asked by journalists who he is going to vote for.
United Russia looks set to scoop the largest chunk of the vote ahead of others loyal to the Kremlin like the Communists and the ultra-nationalist Liberal Democratic Party.