"Such actions will lead to an escalation of the Syrian crisis and sends the wrong message to the terrorist groups," foreign ministry spokesman Hossein Jaber-Ansari quoted Zarif as saying yesterday.
"Any measure that increases tensions and complicates the situation will be a wrong signal to the terrorists," he said.
It makes them "believe they can continue their terrorist activities ... By exploiting the division of views among the parties."
Turkish fighter jets shot down a Russian warplane on the Syrian border yesterday, in what President Vladimir Putin described as a "stab in the back committed by accomplices of terrorists".
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Iranian President Hassan Rouhani described the downing of the plane as "very alarming and dangerous".
"As far as our information indicate, this plane was targeted when operating in Syrian territory," Iran's official IRNA news agency quoted him as saying today.
Turkey is a major backer of rebels who have been fighting loyalists of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad since 2011, although it also joined a US-led coalition fighting the Islamic State group in Syria earlier this year.
Moscow launched a bombing campaign in Syria on September 30 but critics, including Ankara, say it has mainly targeted moderate and Islamist rebel groups, rather than IS.