The concert will bring music to the ancient site that IS notoriously used to hold public executions after it overran Palmyra last year.
The Mariinsky orchestra will give the concert at 1400 GMT, the Mariinsky theatre in Saint Petersburg, where Gergiev is director, said in a statement.
The orchestra "will give a concert 'Praying for Palmyra. Music brings ancient walls alive' on the site of the world-famous amphitheatre of Palmyra in Syria," it said.
Russian army sappers said last month that they had demined the ancient site -- known as the "Pearl of the Desert" -- where jihadist fighters blew up ancient temples and looted relics.
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Gergiev is one of the world's best known conductors but has faced some criticism in the West for his strongly pro-Kremlin views, with his tours sometimes interrupted by protestors.
The concert in Palmyra will not be the first he has conducted in a place where the Russian military has carried out controversial operations.
Gergiev also conducted a charity concert in Tokyo for victims of the Fukushima tragedy in 2012 and led a charity concert tour to raise funds for victims of Russia's Beslan school massacre in 2004.
Gergiev is often seen as an instrument of soft power of the Kremlin. He endorsed President Vladimir Putin in his election to the third term in 2012.
More recently he appeared in a state TV programme praising cellist Sergei Roldugin, a friend of Putin who was named in the Panama Papers tax evasion scandal as owning a $2-billion (1.75-billion-euro) offshore empire.