A total of 18,673 people were killed in the 12 months to March - 51 people every day - up from 17,805 in the previous year.
Police Minister Nathi Nhleko said the sharp increase was largely down to domestic violence and alcohol abuse.
"What it says about us South Africans is that we are violent, we have a prevalent culture of violence," he told journalists.
"It's not about what the government can do, it's about what we can (all) do. It's a huge societal issue that we have to deal with."
More From This Section
The latest figures reveal that South Africa's murder rate has risen by nearly 20 per cent in four years.
The high crime rate is seen as hampering the country's social cohesion, economic growth and international reputation - especially as a tourist destination.
Carjacking, which is one of the most prevalent crimes in South Africa, increased by 14.3 per cent last year, while house robberies were up 2.7 per cent.
Sexual offences were down 3.2 per cent, though many experts say that incidents are underreported.
"While police are central to the alleviation of acts of criminality in society, such crimes point to social ills and thus require interventions beyond the police," the party said in a statement.
Sparsely populated Northern Cape was the only province that recorded a decrease in murders, while Eastern Cape province, recorded the sharpest increase - posting a jump of 9.9 per cent.
South African police have increasingly come under fire for failing to bring down crime levels, although officials insist that the numbers are lower compared to before the end of apartheid in 1994.
The government recently announced that crime statistics would now be released quarterly, instead of once a year, saying it would help improve policing.