The incident occurred after the first pit stop during the Austrian Grand Prix, as the team noticed a wheel nut on Gutierrez's rear right-hand wheel had not been properly fixed.
He was ordered to stop his car in the pit lane and was pulled back by his mechanics, but this also caused teammate Adrian Sutil to stop on the way back onto the track, slowing his time.
Race stewards have now slapped Swiss team Sauber with the penalty for "releasing a car in an unsafe condition during the race."
"We will carefully look into our procedures and the consequences, and we will take appropriate measures," she vowed.