"His name was Salih bin Abdulrahman Salih al-Ghishaami, a Saudi national," the interior ministry said yesterday in a statement carried by the official Saudi Press Agency.
"He was wanted by security services for belonging to a terrorist cell receiving directions from Daesh abroad," it said, using the Arabic acronym for the Islamic State (IS) group.
On Friday IS said it was behind the murders in Eastern Province, the first time the group has officially claimed an attack in Saudi Arabia.
"The cell was discovered last month, and so far 26 of its members, all Saudi nationals, have been arrested," the interior ministry said.
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"The criminal investigation lab examined the remains of the terrorist's body and the crime scene, and it was determined that the type of explosives used was RDX," commonly used in military applications.
In its statement, the interior ministry raised the number of wounded from 81 to 101.
The bomber struck during the main weekly prayers at a mosque in Kudeih, in the Shiite-majority city of Qatif.
It is the second mass murder of Shiites in the kingdom since late last year, and locals in Qatif took to the streets yesterday to protest against the attack.
Although Sunni extremists attacked Westerners and government targets in Saudi Arabia between 2003 and 2007, the Dalwa shootings were the first major militant assault against Shiites.
The killings followed the declaration of a "caliphate" in parts of Iraq and Syria by the IS group, which considers Shiites heretics.
IS has claimed numerous atrocities including the beheading of foreign hostages.
Saudi Arabia and its Sunni Gulf neighbours last year joined a US-led military coalition bombing IS in Syria, raising concerns about possible retaliation in the kingdom.