They raised their holdings over the past six weeks to 34,948,975 shares, more than five percent of Twitter's common stock, Alwaleed and Kingdom Holding, which he chairs, said in a joint statement.
"This combined investment makes Prince Alwaleed and KHC the second largest shareholders in Twitter," it said.
Twitter shares closed Tuesday on the New York Stock Exchange at USD 27.62, giving the Alwaleed-Kingdom stake a market value of more than USD 965 million.
As well as media stakes, Kingdom Holding's diversified interests range from the Euro Disney theme park to Four Seasons hotels and Citigroup.
Twitter, which has yet to turn a profit and is struggling to expand its user base above 300 million people, on Monday confirmed co-founder Jack Dorsey as its CEO.
Social media platforms such as Twitter are extremely popular in Saudi Arabia, a highly-conservative Muslim kingdom where official media are tightly controlled.