A bench of justices G S Singhvi and C Nagappan also observed that these CBI courts are necessary for "speedy and expeditious" disposal of corruption cases.
"We expect that Central government and state governments to make all CBI courts functional.
"If not complied within four months, chief secretaries will be liable for proceedings under the Contempt of Court Act," the bench said.
The court had earlier expressed its displeasure over the Centre's failure to set up adequate special CBI courts despite its repeated orders.
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The court had on January 30 directed the Centre to set up 22 special CBI courts within two months across the country while making it clear that it was not satisfied with the reasons and explanations given by the authorities concerned.
"We have been passing orders since 2011... But every time you come out with reasons and explanations. If you wish, you can do it within an hour," the bench had observed.
The government had in 2009 decided to set up 71 additional special courts exclusively for trial of CBI cases in various states.