By voice vote, Republicans and Democrats united behind the legislation sponsored by Senator Ted Cruz, R-Texas, that reflected congressional animosity toward Tehran and its selection of Hamid Aboutalebi.
Iran's envoy choice was a member of a Muslim student group that held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days in the 1979 seizure of the US Embassy in Tehran.
The "nomination is a deliberate and unambiguous insult to the United States," Cruz said in remarks on the Senate floor in which he described Iran's anti-Americanism since 1979 and added, "This is not the moment for diplomatic niceties."
He modified his measure, though it was unclear what entity such as an international court would determine an individual's standing.
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Cruz won the tacit support of Senator Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., for his legislation. The two shook hands on the Senate floor, a rare bit of bipartisanship for Cruz, a tea party stalwart, and the No. 3 Democrat in the Senate.
Last week, Cruz questioned the wisdom of holding talks with the Iranian government about its nuclear program in light of Iran's choice for ambassador.
The United States has objected to Iran's anticipated selection of Aboutalebi, but the Obama administration stopped short last week of saying it would refuse him a visa to enter the United States. The State Department said it had raised the issue with Tehran.