Investors lost a whopping Rs 1.7 lakh crore in wealth as across-the-board selling saw over 1,500 stocks closing in red.
Banks, capital goods, power and realty were among the hardest hit as investors pulled out money from blue-chips.
The 30-share Sensex, which had gained 652 points in past three sessions, tumbled by 590.05 points, or 3.18 per cent to 17,968.08, a level last seen on August 21.
Brokers said with the rupee hitting a new record low of 66 per dollar in intra-day trade, market participants resorted to panic selling on concerns over increased capital outflows.
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The selling pressure gathered momentum on worries that the Food Security plan would worsen government's fiscal burden while a weakening global trend on growing tension in Syria and surging oil prices also weighed, brokers added.
Among others, Reliance Industries, Sun Pharma, ONGC, NTPC, Maruti Suzuki, Mahindra and Mahindra, BHEL, Larsen and Toubro, Bharti Airtel, ITC, Coal India and Hindal suffered heavy losses.
Bucking the general weak trend, stocks of software exporting companies led by Infosys and Tata Consultancy gained on hopes the strong rupee would boost their revenues.
The banking index suffered the most by losing 5.34 per cent to 10,108.72 followed by capital goods by 4.71 per cent to 6,980.68. Power index fell by 4.51 per cent to 1,355.43 and realty index by 3.95 per cent to 1,186.88.