Police said the seven, among whom five were NDFB(R) cadres and two linkwomen associated with the outfit, were caught by locals at Natun Basti area this morning.
The seven had been involved in many incidents of extortion in the area, which lies close to the India-Bhutan border.
A number of arms including one US made pistol, 15 rounds of catridges, six hand grenades and two denonators, besides some incriminating documents, were recovered from them.
The five NDFB(R) cadres have been identified as Pranjal Basumatary, Bhagya Bodo, Sansuma Basumatary, Saila Basumatary and Nersun Basumatary.
The two linkwomen are Astami Bodo and Nilima Daimary. Police are continuing their interrogation.