The apex court had issued a short-order on September 15 rejecting the review petitions of the Sharif family and Finance Minister Ishaq Dar against the July 28 verdict.
Sharif, 67, had to step down after he was disqualified as the prime minister by the Supreme Court on July 28 in the Panama Papers scandal.
In its detailed verdict, the apex court observed that no error has been identified in the Panama case, which could be reviewed and the accountability court is free to make a decision on the basis of nature of evidence, Geo TV reported.
It said the trial court has the authority to reject weak evidence.
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"The accountability court is free to review evidence in accordance with the law," the 23-page verdict stated.
The directions to finish the trial in six months are not meant for influencing the trial court, but for early completion of the trial.
The court also addressed the appointment of a Supreme Court judge to supervise the trial. It said that appointing a supervising judge is not a new thing; the measure is taken to avoid any negligence during the trial.
If convicted, Sharif can be jailed.
Commenting on the apex court's verdict, Sharif's daughter and PML-N leader Maryam Nawaz said that the law and justice are embarrassed.
"That's exactly how minority brings a bad name to the majority! Victim is not Nawaz Sharif but justice itself!," she said.
"This decision could only be under immense pressure otherwise such travesty of justice is unimaginable," she said in a series of tweets.
Referring to the inclusion of her name, she alleged she was being avenged as she spoke up against injustice.
She further said that this was the sixth decision in the same case and added that the decision was given on the same day when those who lost politically to Sharif were asked to file a petition which could not be heard in the court.
The political future of Sharif, who leads the country's most powerful political family and the ruling PML-N party, has been hanging in balance since the July 28 verdict.
Sharif's family alleges that the cases are politically motivated.
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