The Anglo-Dutch energy giant said in a statement that its Burger J well in the Chukchi Sea, off the northwest coast of Alaska, did not warrant further exploration, adding it would now stop its activities in Alaskan waters.
Royal Dutch Shell began drilling there in July, two months after US President Barack Obama approved Arctic drilling, despite opposition from environmentalists.
"Shell has found indications of oil and gas in the Burger J well, but these are not sufficient to warrant further exploration in the Burger prospect," the London-listed energy major said in the statement.
Shell cited "the high costs associated with the project" and the "challenging and unpredictable federal regulatory environment in offshore Alaska" among the other factors behind its decision.
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The company drilled to a depth of 6,800 feet (2,070 metres) at the Burger J well, which is located about 150 miles (240 kilometres) from the town of Barrow.
"For an area equivalent to half the size of the Gulf of Mexico, this basin remains substantially under-explored," it added.
Greenpeace said the authorization to drill in the region was a "terrible mistake" that could damage the fragile Arctic environment and potentially spark an ecological disaster, along the lines of the devastating 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill.
Environmental groups oppose drilling in the Arctic due to the vulnerability of animals already struggling to survive because of melting sea ice, as well as risk that a spill could pose to the region.
Greenpeace had vowed to fight Shell and urged Obama to stop the firm's exploration activities in the area.