The incident led to the Trans-Niger pipeline being completely shut down yesterday, a statement from Shell said, resulting in a cut of 150,000 barrels of oil per day.
Shell's Nigerian subsidiary "shut the Trans-Niger pipeline yesterday following an explosion and fire at a crude theft point on the 28-inch section of the facility at Bodo West in Ogoniland," it said, referring to an area of southern Nigeria.
"Unknown persons continued to reconnect illegal bunkering hoses at Bodo West even as our pipeline team were removing crude theft points," Mutiu Sunmonu, managing director of Shell's Nigerian arm, said in the statement.
"It was therefore not surprising that the fire occurred from the continuing illegal bunkering even as a previous crude oil theft point was being repaired by the team."
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It was not immediately clear if there were injuries related to the fire. Shell said the explosion triggered a fire on a nearby barge.
Crude oil theft is a major problem in Nigeria, with estimates that the country loses some USD 6 billion in revenue per year.
The country's oil production dropped to 1.96 million barrels per day in May, a six-month low, according to the International Energy Agency.
The agency said theft-related damage to pipelines continued to curb production.