The deceased included three women and two girls, said the additional superintendent of police Pramod Sonkar.
Sanjay Patel, a patwari (revenue official) who was at the wheel of the cab, was also killed.
The injured have been admitted to a hospital.
Sonkar said the car was heading to Vijayraghavgarh tehsil from Katni town while the truck was coming from the opposite direction, and both were at high speed.
The deceased were all residents of Vijayraghavgarh, Sonkar added.
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