Solar Impulse 2 had been due to leave the central city of Nagoya at 2.30 am (1730 GMT Tuesday) bound for Hawaii, on the latest and most ambitious leg of a bid to circumnavigate the globe using only the power of the sun.
But after a few agonising hours poring over meteorological forecasts covering the five days and five nights the flight was expected to take, mission chiefs pulled the plug.
Speaking on a webcast moments after climbing out of the plane's cockpit, pilot Andre Borschberg admitted he was "terribly disappointed", but conceded it was the right thing to do.
"We were looking to find a way to make it, but I think it is reasonable not to exceed certain limits," he said.
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"The weather is so unstable over the Pacific."
The featherweight flying machine was not supposed to land in Japan on its multi-leg trip around the globe, but bad weather en route from Nanjing in China to Hawaii forced a diversion at the start of June.
A chance to do so appeared to have presented itself on Tuesday.
"We finally feel like we have a window to Hawaii in front of us. It will be confirmed at 12.00PM UTC! (GMT)" tweeted Borschberg earlier in the day.
Take off was scheduled for the pre-dawn hours because wind tends to be calmer before sunrise, Neumann told AFP.
"The batteries are full so the plane can fly any time," she said. "Since the sun comes up very early in Japan, we are flying early... We fly much earlier, so we have much more time in the air.