Opener Jalaj Saxena (89), Naman Ojha (85) and skipper Devendra Bundela (62 not out) struck half centuries after Madhya Pradesh won the toss and elected to bat.
While Saxena's 89 came off 177 balls and was studded with 14 boundaries, Ojha took 208 deliveries to score his runs during which he hit four fours and two sixes.
Saxena and Ojha shared 126 runs between them for the third wicket to stabilise Madhya Pradesh innings after they lost two quick wickets.
For Jammu and Kashmir, Ram Dayal (1/53), Mehjoor Ali (1/55), Waseem Raza (1/72) and captain Parvez Rasool (1/80) took a wicket each.
Brief Scores:
Madhya Pradesh 1st innings: 271 for four in 90 overs (Jalaj Saxena 89, Naman Ojha 85, Devendra Bundela 62 batting; Ram Dayal 1/53).