Former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Congress Vice President Rahul Gandhi were taken into custody along with Sonia Gandhi, who predicted that the Government's days were numbered the way it was functioning.
"Do not try to frighten or defame us... Life has taught me to struggle, we have faced a lot of challenges. They don't know what we are made of," she said addressing the party's 'Save Democracy' rally at Jantar Mantar here.
Opposition leader in Rajya Sabha Ghulam Nabi Azad, party leader in Lok Sabha Mallikarjun Kharge and others courted arrest at Parliament Street Police station after they were stopped from marching to Parliament. They were released after a short while.
"They should understand very well that when matters would become unbearable, people of India know how to teach them a lesson.... The way the Modi Government is playing a fraud on the mandate, it seems its days are numbered," the Congress president said.
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The AgustaWestland issue appeared to be weighing heavily on her mind as Sonia targeted the Modi dispensation accusing it of starting "this game of leveling baseless allegations against leaders of opposition parties".
"But, I would like tell them they should not commit the mistake of assuming that Congress is a weak force. Congress is never going to bow before injustice. We will play our role of an alert opposition with full vigour in coming days, (both) within Parliament and outside too and combat injustice," she said.
She also asked the partymen to reach out to "each corner" of the country and "unmask" the Modi Government through democratic means.
Declaring that the Congress will not allow the ruling party to "destroy" country's democratic set up, she accused it of attempting to divide people on the basis of religion, region, language and eating habits.
She also alleged that minorities were living under fear and the Dalits, women and tribals were being given a raw deal by changes in laws pertaining to Panchayati Raj institutions.
She said that the Congress would not allow democracy to be "destroyed, whatever might be the diabolic designs" of the government.
Targeting Modi for his "Congress-mukt Bharat" campaign,
former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said Congress is "soul of India".
Singh said at a time when democratic institutions, universities and courts are under "tremendous assault", it was the duty of partymen to foil the "designs" of those in power by working together with Sonia and Rahul Gandhi.
He also expressed apprehensions that the Centre was attempting to destabilise duly elected governments led by Congress in Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya and Himachal Pradesh.
Underscoring that her party has been instrumental in creating democratic institution since independence, Sonia said that Congress would not shy away from making any sacrifices for the cause of democracy.
"They declare anyone anti-national. Those who don't agree with them are targeted," she said, adding that her party knows how to fight against "anti-national" forces.
Accusing BJP of levelling baseless allegations against leaders of opposition parties to divert public attention from its failure over the past two years, Sonia said it was "their old tactic of spreading rumours and character assassination by spreading lies".
"They have gained power by showing false dreams. And after gaining power, their hunger for power is only increasing. And that has led to toppling of Congress governments," Sonia added.
She also alleged that fear was being created in the minds of minorities and society was being divided in the name of religion, language and regions, while injustice was being meted out to students.
Launching a scathing attack on Modi and RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat, Rahul said only two people's writ runs in the country and those who stand against them are targeted with "false allegations".
"Modiji promised 'achche din' and today the country is reeling under drought. 40 per cent of the country is reeling under drought. Everyday, 50 farmers are committing suicide. Latur, Vidarbha, Bundelkhand are burning. And Modiji has nothing to say about it," Rahul said in his brief speech.
Making light of 'Make in India' programme, he said that Modi had promised two crore jobs per year after coming to power, but actually a mere 1.3 lakh jobs were generated last year.