As Kiev and Moscow traded angry barbs in an escalating war of words over their shared history, President Petro Poroshenko likened Russia's support of separatist insurgents in eastern Ukraine to Nazi Germany's actions in Europe in the 1930s.
"What is the difference between the Anschluss of Austria or the occupation of Sudentenland, and the annexation of Crimea or the attempts to tear away Donbass in 2014?" said Poroshenko.
He referred to a swathe of eastern Ukraine captured by separatist rebels operating with Russia's support, according to the West. Moscow denies the allegations of involvement in the insurgency against Kiev.
In Kharkiv, where three Soviet-era statues were toppled in the dead of night, an anti-Russian group called "We've Had Enough" posted a video showing the monuments glorifying Bolshevik heroes come smashing to the ground.
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The Russian-speaking city of 1.4 million people close to the northeastern border with Russia is about 200 kilometres from the conflict zone in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions, where more than 6,000 people have been killed over the past year.
Kharkiv's pro-Russian mayor Gennady Kernes described the night-time raids as "vandalism" and demanded that police "explain why they allow the illegal demolition of monuments."
The attack follows a ban this week on Nazi and communist symbols and names. The pro-Russian Opposition Bloc party, which has 40 of 450 parliamentary seats, said today the legislation was responsible for the destruction in Kharkiv.
The ban, which was rushed through parliament Thursday and must be signed by Poroshenko before coming into force, is stoking tension in the war-divided country of 45 million.